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Version date: 28 June 2023 - onwards
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Article 18 Powers of competent authorities

1. Competent authorities shall have all the investigatory powers necessary for the exercise of their functions. Those powers shall include:

(a) the power to require any natural or legal persons to provide all information that is necessary in order to carry out the tasks of the competent authorities, including information to be provided at recurrent intervals and in specified formats for supervisory and related statistical purposes;

(b) the power to conduct all necessary investigations of any person referred to in point (a) established or located in the Member State concerned where necessary to carry out the tasks of the competent authorities, including the power to:

(i) require the submission of documents;

(ii) examine the data in any form, including the books and records of the persons referred to in point (a) and take copies or extracts from such documents;

(iii) obtain written or oral explanations from any person referred to in point (a) or their representatives or staff, and, if ne

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