1.

- in Article 1 of Directive 92/49/EEC, a point (l),

- in Article 1 of Directive 93/22/EEC, a point 15,

shall be added containing the following definition:

' "close links" shall mean a situation in which two or more natural or legal persons are linked by:

(a) "participation", which shall mean the ownership, direct or by way of control, of 20 % or more of the voting rights or capital of an undertaking or

(b) "control", which shall mean the relationship between a parent undertaking and a subsidiary, in all the cases referred to in Article 1(1) and (2) of Directive 83/349/EEC [OJ No L 193, 18. 7. 1983, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 90/605/EEC (OJ No L 317, 16. 11. 1990, p. 60).], or a similar relationship between any natural or legal person and an undertaking; any subsidiary undertaking of a subsidiary undertaking shall also be considered a subsidiary of the parent undertaking which is at the head of those undertakings.

A situation in which two or more natural or legal persons are permanently linked to one and the same person by a control relationship shall also be regarded as constituting a close link between such persons.'

2.The following subparagraphs shall be added at the end of: