This Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 1 January 2012.

However, Articles 33 to 37 shall apply from 1 November 2010;

Chapter V, with the exception of Articles 22 and 23, shall apply from 1 January 2013;

 - Articles 38 to 42 shall apply from 1 January 2012 until 31 December 2014; and

 - Articles 43 to 47 shall apply from 1 January 2015.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.