1. An economic activity shall qualify as contributing substantially to climate change mitigation where that activity contributes substantially to the stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level which prevents dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system consistent with the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement through the avoidance or reduction of greenhouse gas emissions or the increase of greenhouse gas removals, including through process innovations or product innovations, by:

(a) generating, transmitting, storing, distributing or using renewable energy, including through using innovative technology with a potential for significant future savings or through necessary reinforcement or extension of the grid;

(b) improving energy efficiency, except for power generation activities as referred to in Article 19(3);

(c) increasing clean or climate-neutral mobility;

(d) switching to the use of sustainably sourced renewable materials;

(e) increasing the use of environmentally safe carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies that deliver a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions;