1. The direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer of all crude oil to the DPRK by nationals of Member States or through or from the territories of Member States or using the flag vessels, aircraft, pipelines, rail lines or vehicles of Member States shall be prohibited, whether or not originating in the territories of the Member States.
2. By derogation from paragraph 1, the prohibition in paragraph 1 shall not apply where a Member State determines that the supply, sale or transfer of crude oil to the DPRK is exclusively for humanitarian purposes and the Sanctions Committee has approved that shipment in advance on a case-by-case basis in accordance with paragraph 4 of UNSCR 2397 (2017).
3. The Union shall take the necessary measures to determine the relevant items covered by this Article.