1. Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2023, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Article 1 of this Directive. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.

They shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2024.

When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.

2. Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2024, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Article 2 of this Directive.

They shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2025.

When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.

3. Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2025, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Article 3 of this Directive.

They shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2026.

When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.

4. Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2027, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Article 4 of this Directive.