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Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2022 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector and amending Directives (EU) 2019/1937 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Digital Markets Act (DMA)) (Text with EEA relevance)RecitalsChapter I Subject matter, scope and definitions (arts. 1-2)Article 1 Subject matter and scopeArticle 2 DefinitionsChapter II Gatekeepers (arts. 3-4)Article 3 Designation of gatekeepersArticle 4 Review of the status of gatekeeperChapter III Practices of gatekeepers that limit contestability or are unfair (arts. 5-15)Article 5 Obligations for gatekeepersArticle 6 Obligations for gatekeepers susceptible of being further specified under Article 8Article 7 Obligation for gatekeepers on interoperability of number-independent interpersonal communications servicesArticle 8 Compliance with obligations for gatekeepersArticle 9 SuspensionArticle 10 Exemption for grounds of public health and public securityArticle 11 ReportingArticle 12 Updating obligations for gatekeepersArticle 13 Anti-circumventionArticle 14 Obligation to inform about concentrationsArticle 15 Obligation of an auditChapter IV Market investigation (arts. 16-19)Article 16 Opening of a market investigationArticle 17 Market investigation for designating gatekeepersArticle 18 Market investigation into systematic non-complianceArticle 19 Market investigation into new services and new practicesChapter V Investigative, enforcement and monitoring powers (arts. 20-43)Article 20 Opening of proceedingsArticle 21 Requests for informationArticle 22 Power to carry out interviews and take statementsArticle 23 Powers to conduct inspectionsArticle 24 Interim measuresArticle 25 CommitmentsArticle 26 Monitoring of obligations and measuresArticle 27 Information by third partiesArticle 28 Compliance functionArticle 29 Non-complianceArticle 30 FinesArticle 31 Periodic penalty paymentsArticle 32 Limitation periods for the imposition of penaltiesArticle 33 Limitation periods for the enforcement of penaltiesArticle 34 Right to be heard and access to the fileArticle 35 Annual reportingArticle 36 Professional secrecyArticle 37 Cooperation with national authoritiesArticle 38 Cooperation and coordination with national competent authorities enforcing competition rulesArticle 39 Cooperation with national courtsArticle 40 The high-level groupArticle 41 Request for a market investigationArticle 42 Representative actionsArticle 43 Reporting of breaches and protection of reporting personsChapter VI Final provisions (arts. 44-54)Article 44 Publication of decisionsArticle 45 Review by the Court of JusticeArticle 46 Implementing provisionsArticle 47 GuidelinesArticle 48 StandardisationArticle 49 Exercise of the delegationArticle 50 Committee procedureArticle 51 Amendment to Directive (EU) 2019/1937Article 52 Amendment to Directive (EU) 2020/1828Article 53 ReviewArticle 54 Entry into force and applicationAnnexDone at
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Version status: Applicable | Document consolidation status: No known changes
Version date: 2 May 2023 - onwards
Version 3 of 3

Article 20 Opening of proceedings

1. Where the Commission intends to open proceedings with a view to the possible adoption of decisions pursuant to Articles 8, 29 and 30, it shall adopt a decision opening a proceeding.

2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the Commission may exercise its investigative powers under this Regulation before opening proceedings pursuant to that paragraph.

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