1.Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.

2. Member States shall ensure that the following non-exhaustive and indicative criteria are taken into account for the imposition of penalties, where appropriate:

(a) the nature, gravity, scale and duration of the infringement;

(b) any action taken by the trader to mitigate or remedy the damage suffered by consumers;

(c) any previous infringements by the trader;

(d) the financial benefits gained or losses avoided by the trader due to the infringement, if the relevant data are available;