1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the following circumstances are to be regarded as aggravating circumstances, in relation to the offences referred to in Articles 7 to 14:

(a) the offender is a high level official;

(b) the offender has been convicted before of an offence referred to Articles 7 to 14;

(c) the offender obtained a substantial benefit or the offence caused substantial damage;

(d) the offender committed the offence for the benefit of a third country;

(e) the offender exercises investigation, prosecution or adjudication functions;

(f) the offence was committed within the framework of a criminal organisation within the meaning of Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA; and