1. Member States shall provide for the controller and the processor, taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing as well as the risk of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk, in particular as regards the processing of special categories of personal data referred to in Article 10.

2. In respect of automated processing, each Member State shall provide for the controller or processor, following an evaluation of the risks, to implement measures designed to:

(a) deny unauthorised persons access to processing equipment used for processing ('equipment access control');

(b) prevent the unauthorised reading, copying, modification or removal of data media ('data media control');

(c) prevent the unauthorised input of personal data and the unauthorised inspection, modification or deletion of stored personal data ('storage control');