For the purposes of Articles 29 and 31, the Commission may choose from among the following countermeasures:
(a) countermeasures that obliged entities are to apply to persons and legal entities involving high-risk third countries and, where relevant, other countries posing a threat to the Union's financial system consisting in:
(i) the application of additional elements of enhanced due diligence;
(ii) the introduction of enhanced relevant reporting mechanisms or systematic reporting of financial transactions;
(iii) the limitation of business relationships or transactions with natural persons or legal entities from those third countries;
(b) countermeasures that Member States are to apply with regard to high-risk third countries and, where relevant, other countries posing a threat to the Union's financial system consisting in:
(i) refusing the establishment of subsidiaries or branches or representative offices of obliged entities from the country concerned, or otherwise taking into accou
…