(1) In the event of a dispute arising under these Regulations, or under the Directive between undertakings in different Member States, paragraphs (2) to (4) shall apply. Those provisions shall not apply to disputes relating to radio spectrum coordination covered by Regulation 16.

(2) Any party may refer such a dispute to the Regulator or to the other national regulatory authority or authorities concerned. Where the dispute affects trade between Member States the Regulator shall notify the dispute to BEREC in order to bring about a consistent resolution of the dispute in accordance with the objectives set out in Regulation 4.

(3) Where a notification is made by the Regulator in accordance with paragraph (2), the Regulator shall await the opinion of BEREC before taking any action to resolve the dispute. In exceptional circumstances, where there is an urgent need to act, in order to safeguard competition or protect the interests of end-users, the Regulator may, either at the request of the parties or on its own initiative, adopt interim measures. Any interim measures adopted shall cease where the Regulator is satisfied that the dispute is resolved.