1. Institutions shall deduct the following from Common Equity Tier 1 items:
(a) losses for the current financial year;
(b) intangible assets with the exception of prudently valued software assets the value of which is not negatively affected by resolution, insolvency or liquidation of the institution;
(c) deferred tax assets that rely on future profitability;
(d) for institutions calculating risk-weighted exposure amounts using the Internal Ratings Based Approach (the IRB Approach), negative amounts resulting from the calculation of expected loss amounts laid down in Articles 158 and 159;
(e) defined benefit pension fund assets on the balance sheet of the institution;
(f) direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by an institution of own Common Equity Tier 1 instruments, including own Common Equity Tier 1 instruments that an institution is under an actual or contingent obligation to purchase by virtue of an existing contractual obligation;
(g) direct, indirect and synthetic holdings of t
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