1. A default shall be considered to have occurred with regard to a particular obligor when either or both of the following have taken place:
(a) the institution considers that the obligor is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the institution, the parent underÂtaking or any of its subsidiaries in full, without recourse by the institution to actions such as realising security;
(b) the obligor is more than 90 days past due on any material credit obligation to the institution, the parent undertaking or any of its subsidiaries. Competent authorities may replace the 90 days with 180 days for exposures secured by residential property or SME commercial immovable property in the retail exposure class, as well as exposures to public sector entities. The 180 days shall not apply for the purposes of point (m) Article 36(1) or Article 127.
In the case of retail exposures, institutions may apply the definition of default laid down in points (a) and (b) of the first subparagraph at the level
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